Pandora Papers: Dirty money, bribery and the UK High Street
Money from a corrupt company at the centre of a global
bribery scandal has been invested in the UK High Street.
Documents from the Pandora Papers leak reveal how £7.5m
($10.2m) in earnings from Unaoil - a business which paid bribes to secure oil
and gas contracts - was funnelled offshore.
The money from Ata Ahsani, the British Iranian founder of
Unaoil, was paid into large funds used to invest in UK property including a
cinema complex in Sunderland and a business park near Hull.
Ata Ahsani's lawyers say he has not been convicted of
anything and there is no evidence that all of the money generated by Unaoil was
the proceeds of crime.
Among the 11.9 million financial and legal documents making
up the latest offshore leak, a handful bear the name of the disgraced
intermediary company Unaoil. In 2016, the company was exposed for paying vast
sums of money in bribes to officials, in order to secure lucrative oil and gas
contracts for large multinational corporations - such as British icon
Rolls-Royce.
The ripple effects of the bribery scandal has led to
multiple prosecutions both in the UK and US. Notably, two of Ata's sons, Cyrus
and Saman Ahsani, have pleaded guilty for their roles in the scheme and are due
to be sentenced in the US later this year.
The investigation by the UK Serious Fraud Office identified
$17m (£12.5m) in bribes were paid through Unaoil to win contracts worth $1.7bn
in Iraq.
The leaked documents seen by BBC File on 4 and the Guardian,
as part of a joint investigation, show how at least £7.5m worth of Ata Ahsani's
suspect earnings from Unaoil were laundered through a number of companies in
the British Virgin Islands - an offshore jurisdiction notorious for its
secrecy.
This money was then moved into two larger investment funds,
also registered offshore - mixing Ata Ahsani's tainted Unaoil millions with
money from other investors.
More than a quarter of the leaked documents, including the
ones dealing with companies for Ata Ahsani, came from the Trident Trust. The
company serves a lot of international businesses, providing administration
services for corporations, trusts and family offices.
This leak has exposed some of its most secretive clients. A
spokesperson said: "Each of Trident's trust and corporate businesses is
regulated in the jurisdiction in which it operates and is fully committed to
compliance with all applicable regulations."
The two offshore funds were advised by another Ahsani
business - run by the patriarch's youngest son Sassan who, unlike his older
brothers, has not been prosecuted by the authorities.
LRE Capital Ltd is Sassan Ahsani's current business. Before
that he was the director of a similarly named company - Lumina Real Estate
Capital Ltd. Lawyers for the Ahsani family told us these companies didn't
actually own or invest in any property, they simply acted as advisers for
investment funds.
Our investigation has discovered that Sassan Ahsani also had
an additional important role in running the administration of the funds. He was
one of the directors of what's known as the general partner - the corporate
entity that, in effect, runs the funds.
And these funds were far larger than just Ata's £7.5m.
Lawyers for the family told us Ata's money represents just 5.6% of the two
funds, so other investors were involved.
One of the offshore funds was invested in the Sunniside
complex in Sunderland which is home to an Empire Cinema, Nando's and Grosvenor
Casino.
Lawyers acting for Sassan Ahsani insisted he didn't know or
suspect Unaoil's criminal involvement, only finding out what Unaoil had been up
to when everyone else did, in 2016. They said he has never been involved in
laundering the proceeds of crime.
They added: "Ata Ahsani's last investment was made in
2013, a full three years before the Unaoil allegations came to light. After
that the companies beneficially owned by Mr Ata Ahsani were removed as investors
in the funds."
The UK's Serious Fraud Office began a large scale
investigation into Unaoil and four senior employees are currently serving
sentences. A spokesperson for the SFO told us the department "obtained
arrest warrants for the Ahsanis and fought to bring them back to face justice.
Their guilty pleas in the US ultimately prevented this".
Sassan Ahsani was arrested by the SFO in 2017 as part of its
investigation but was never prosecuted. The BBC understands Ata Ahsani paid
around $2m as part of a Non-Prosecution Agreement with the US Department of
Justice.
Lawyers for the family told us Ata Ahsani has never been
convicted of anything and so it is false to suggest his assets are the proceeds
of crime and despite "extensive and lengthy investigations by the SFO and
the US Department of Justice, there has been no finding that all monies
generated by Unaoil are the proceeds of bribery".
Financial crime expert Graham Barrow says any money earned
through a company known to have used bribery and corruption is tainted.
"One of the things that people seek to do with dirty
money is to blend it with clean money. It makes it so much harder to find it.
It makes it so much harder to recover."
The risk of money laundering in the UK is currently classed
as "high" with the Treasury and Home Office recognising the lure of
commercial property as a criminal target for its "high value" and the
fact that "complex company structures used by overseas entities are less
likely to raise suspicion in the commercial sector compared with the
residential market".
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